1783 in Great Britain

1783 in Great Britain:
Other years
1781 \| 1782 \| 1783 \| 1784 \| 1785
Sport
1783 English cricket season

Events from the year 1783 in the Kingdom of Great Britain.

1 Incumbents
2 Events
- 2.1 Undated
3 Births
4 Deaths
5 References
6 See also

Incumbents

Monarch - King George III
Prime Minister - Lord Shelburne, Whig (to 2 April), Duke of Portland, Coalition (to 19 December), William Pitt the Younger, Tory

Events

1 January - Glasgow Chamber of Commerce is founded by Patrick Colquhoun - the first in Britain.
4 February - American Revolutionary War: Great Britain formally declares that it will cease hostilities with the United States of America.
6 February - American Revolutionary War: Spain lifts the Great Siege of Gibraltar.^[1]
24 February - William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne resigns as Prime Minister over the proposed peace terms with the United States.^[2]
March - Zong Massacre: the case of a British slave-trader who threw 133 slaves overboard in order to claim on the insurance causes outrage amongst Abolitionists and creates new support for their cause.^[3]
2 April - Fox-North Coalition: William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland becomes First Lord of the Treasury.^[4]
10 May - John Moore enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.^[5]
Summer - A sulphurous haze from the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland thought to have caused the deaths of more than 10,000 people in Britain.^[6]
18 August - A huge meteor passes over the east coast of Britain, sparking reports in the press of the time and the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.^[7]
3 September - American Revolutionary War: Great Britain and the United States sign the Treaty of Paris ending the war. Britain also signs further treaties to end hostilities with France, Spain and the Netherlands.^[1]
7 November - The last public execution is held at Tyburn.^[8]
25 November - American Revolutionary War: The last British troops leave New York City three months after the signing of the Treaty of Paris.^[1]
9 December - Executions begin to be held in Newgate Prison.^[8]
17 December - George III dismisses the Fox-North Coalition. It is succeeded by a government formed by William Pitt the Younger.^[9]
19 December - William Pitt the Younger becomes the youngest-ever Prime Minister of Great Britain or the United Kingdom.
Winter - a severe winter follows in the wake of the Laki eruption.

Undated

Industrial Revolution: Henry Cort of Funtley, Hampshire, invents the grooved rolling mill for producing bar iron.^[10]
Erasmus Darwin begins publications of A System of Vegetables, a translation of Linnaeus in which he coins many common English language names of plants.
The Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion is founded by Selina, Countess of Huntingdon, as part of the Evangelical Revival.

Births

22 May - William Sturgeon, scientist (died 1850)
17 September - Samuel Prout, painter (died 1852)
22 October - James Henry Keith Stewart, Member of Parliament (died 1836)

Deaths

7 January - William Tans'ur, English hymnist (born 1700)
6 February - Capability Brown, landscape gardener (born 1716)
10 February - James Nares, composer (born 1715)
30 March - William Hunter, anatomist (born 1718)
18 September - Benjamin Kennicott, churchman and Hebrew scholar (born 1718)
16 December - William James, naval commander (born 1720)

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 335–336. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 228–230. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
^ "BBC History British History Timeline". http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/launch_tl_british.shtml. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
^ "PMs in history, Duke of Portland. 10 Downing Street website". http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page159.asp. Retrieved 2007-09-01.
^ Aston, Nigel (2004). "Moore, John (bap. 1730, d. 1805)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/19131. Retrieved 2011-02-25. Subscription or UK public library membership required
^ Rincon, Paul (2004-05-25). "Volcano 'drove up UK death toll' BBC news". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3745749.stm. Retrieved 2007-09-01.
^ Beech, M. "The Great Meteor of 18 August 1783", Journal of the British Astronomical Association, 1989, v.99, 3, 103
^ ^a ^b Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
^ "PMs in history, William Pitt. 10 Downing Street website". http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page161.asp. Retrieved 2007-09-01.
^ Gales, W.K.V. (1981). Ironworking. Princes Risborough. pp. 17–19. ISBN 0-85263-546-X.

1783 in Great Britain

Contents

Incumbents

Events

Undated

Births

Deaths

References

See also